16+ hour, 57+ min ago   (567+ words) Individual cattle identification underpins traceability, genetic management and disease surveillance in precision livestock farming. Ear tags and RFID remain the dominant practice but are subject to loss, tampering and welfare concerns, which motivates contactless biometric alternatives. Most deep learning systems…...

18+ hour, 11+ min ago   (512+ words) REBA, RULA, and OWAS are widely used observational ergonomic risk assessment methods based on predefined ordinal scoring rules. The final risk scores generated by these methods play a critical role in determining and prioritizing ergonomic interventions under limited resources to…...

18+ hour, 44+ min ago   (497+ words) Research on educational virtual reality (VR) has focused on learning outcomes, but less on the design strategies that create those outcomes or whether benefits are consistent across different learners. This study created user experience (UX) design guidelines for educational VR…...

22+ hour, 18+ min ago   (394+ words) With the rapid development of wireless communication technologies, mobile devices, and distributed systems, the scale and dynamics of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are increasing, which results in increasingly stringent requirements for routing protocols. The Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP), as…...

22+ hour, 18+ min ago   (496+ words) Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) aims to identify the sentiment polarity expressed toward a specific aspect in a sentence. Existing sequential and Transformer-based methods can effectively capture contextual semantics, but they often lack explicit modeling of aspect–opinion relations. Graph-based approaches…...

22+ hour, 38+ min ago   (428+ words) The growing penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE) is increasing the frequency of very low and negative prices, although these events also depend on demand, transmission capacity, price-regime persistence and flexibility resources. This study examines which pre-auction and diagnostic variables…...

23+ hour, 7+ min ago   (394+ words) This paper investigates the thermal characteristics of machine tools under the influence of multiple heat sources and proposes an active temperature control method. The study was conducted under steady-state conditions with a constant feed rate of 10 m/min and no…...

23+ hour, 57+ min ago   (478+ words) Digital risk communication increasingly relies on interactive technologies to transform complex, uncertain, and probabilistic information into forms that can support human understanding and decision-making. Yet the literature is fragmented across application domains, technologies, and interaction paradigms. This scoping review maps…...

1+ day, 24+ min ago   (490+ words) Fine-grained wheat variety classification involving a large number of cultivars remains challenging because different varieties often exhibit highly similar morphological and textural characteristics. In this study, a dataset comprising 124 wheat varieties was used to systematically evaluate convolutional and Transformer-based architectures…...

2+ day, 16+ hour ago   (571+ words) Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely deployed in safety-critical applications such as medical diagnosis and autonomous driving. Adversarial training (AT) is among the most effective defenses, casting robust optimization as a min–max problem over a defender-specified ℓp-ball of fixed…...